What Are Synthetic Resins Applications and Uses

23 Jun.,2025

 

What Are Synthetic Resins Applications and Uses

What Are Synthetic Resins Applications and Uses

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What Are Synthetic Resins Applications and Uses

Synthetic resins are noncrystalline or viscous liquids which might be secreted from paints. Synthetic resins are industrially manufactured via the manner of polymerization.

Methods of Preparation and Applications

Resins are chemical compounds having molecular weight more than 300. It is possible to classify natural resins as spirit-soluble and oil-soluble. Oil-soluble resins include rosin, extracted from long-leaf pine turpentine and used in a wide range of applications, including soap making; the toughest natural resin produced in jewellery; Copals used in varnishes; amber; oriental lacquer, derived from a tree native to China; and cashew-nutshell oil, derived from cashew nuts.

Resins have many sources and end uses. Sources can range from natural and synthetic. Resins can derived from polymers, monomers, oils, fatty acids and natural sources.

Perhaps, resins have the widest application areas. From paints and coatings, Personal Care & Home Care, pharma, rubber, plastics and it’s coatings, making electrical and jewelry articles, decorative items, wood coatings etc.

Natural resins have been replaced almost entirely in modern industry by synthetic resins that are divided into two classes, thermoplastic resins that remain plastic after heat treatment, and heat-setting resins that become insoluble and heat-infusible.

Types of Resins

1. Thermoplastic Resins

A substance that softens when heated and when cooled, it hardens again. Thermoplastic product. Product-generic term for certain synthetic or semi-synthetic materials which can be formed or extruded into objects or films or filaments or used for the manufacture of coatings and adhesives. TPA resin, as it is commonly called, comes in liquid form as well as in the form of requires. These are used in plastic coatings as well as in aerosols.
Eg:

Polyethylene

Polypropylene

Polyvinyl chloride

Chlorinated rubber

So, let us get into the details of some of the Thermoplastic resins

Alkyd Resins – These are made by heating polyhydric alcohol with polybasic acids. They possess great electrical and thermal properties along with it a good chemical resistance. Quite cost effective and used for electric components, paints and putty filers.

Polycarbonate Resins – These are generally made from bisphenol A and phosgene. With a high refractive index, resistance to staining and filtration and electrical and thermal dimensional stability. Due to their inherent advantages, they are used for metal replacements, lenses, safety helmets, insulators and photography film.

Polypropylene Resins – These are a type of thermoplastic polymer resin that doesn’t contain BPA. They are colorless, tasteless with a great heat resistance and low density. They also possess a great chemical resistance and are used for toys, pipe and production and coatings.

2. Thermosetting Resins

Thermoplastics and thermoplastic resins are raw, unformed polymers that, when heated, transform into liquid and when chilled, become solid. These can be re-molded and remolded twice, allowing reprocessing of pieces and scraps. TSA, as generally acknowledged as, is used in combination with a melamine resin as baking enamels. In industrial coatings, automotive and two-wheelers, e-rickshaw coatings, brass coatings, etc. are common applications.
Eg:

Urea

Formaldehyde resins

Melamine

Formaldehyde

Resins, Phenolic

Resins (Resol Type)

Let’s explore some of the Thermosetting Resins in details.

Phenolic Resins –  They are one of the types of thermosetting resins and possess a strong heat and impact resistance to chemical corrosion and moisture penetration. They are used for a variety of products like brake linings, electrical components, molds, adhesive for cements etc.

Polyester Resins – They are formed by the reaction of polyhydric alcohols and dibasic organic acids. The best thing about it is they have quite an excellent resistance to heat and chemicals. They are quite cost effective and are extensively used for construction, fishing rods, decorative accessories, coatings and in plane and ship components.

Epoxy Resins – They are a type of reactive prepolymers and polymers belonging to the epoxide group. They have an excellent chemical and heat resistance and great adhesive properties. Used extensively in laminates, linings, propellers and surface coatings.

Methods of Preparation/Polymerization

1. Condensation Polymerisation

(Polyesters, Polyamides, Polyurethanes, Epoxies, Silicons)

A polymerization of condensation is a form of polymerization of step-growth. Small molecules, while releasing smaller molecules as a-product such as water or methanol, react with one another to form larger structural units. Get some details on the uses of stearic acid.

2. Addition Polymerisation

(Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Polyvinyl chloride, Acrylics)

The additional polymer is a polymer that forms without the co-generation of other materials by simply linking monomers. Additional polymerization varies from condensation polymerization, which usually causes water to co-generate a substance.

Advantages of Resins

They can be easily dyed, colored and mixed with metal powders or fluorescent pigments

They have great precision

There is a large variety of resin available with different properties.

They have a great variety of applications

They possess a great water resistance

They have high thermal and mechanical properties

They have a very high environmental and chemical resistance.

Application Segments of Resins

1. Surface Coatings – Paints & Printing Inks

Surface coating, any combination of film-forming materials with different types of pigments, solvents, and other additives, resulting in a thin film that is usable and often artistic when added to a surface and cured /dried.

2. Electrical Insulation – Wire Enamels

The electrical insulator is a material whose inner electrical charges do not continue to flow; under the influence of an electrical field, very little electrical current can pass through it. It compares with other products, semiconductors, and conductors that are harder to conduct electrical current.

Insulating Impregnating and Finishing Varnishes: Finishing Varnishes are one/two-element products that are designed specifically to protect wire wind components. Their outstanding resistance to moisture and chemicals ensures the best properties and maximum longevity across the entire time of operation.

Potting Compounds: Potting is a method whereby a complete electronic assembly is filled with a solid or gel material for shock and vibration resistance and for the absence of moisture and corrosive agents. The array of potting substances and encapsulants for each and every application involves epoxy, polyurethane and silicone chemistry. Also read some of the polyurethane resin uses

Printed Circuit Boards: A printed circuit motherboard chipset and binds electronic parts or electrical components by means of conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more layers of copper laminated on and/or between the layer of sheets with a non-conductive substrate.

3. Foundry

Medical & Medicinal Applications

Polymer for controlled released drugs

Dental application

4. Packaging

The resins used in packaging are the following:

High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)

Polystyrene

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC, Vinyl)

Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET, PETE)

Polypropylene (PP)

5. Adhesives

In the formulation of adhesive systems, there are two basically epoxy acrylate resins. One is a vinyl ester resin that is similar to a DGEBA epoxy resin in two adhesive formulations. The other is a special resin form which is used in processes of radiation cure. Also read about the cosmetics raw materials.

6. Industrial & Decorative Laminates

Standard UF resins

Ethylene-vinyl acetates (EVAs)

CARB II and EPA TSCA Title VI compliant resins

Melamine Urea Formaldehyde (MUF) resins including Type 1 high moisture-resistant systems

Liquid meter-mix systems

PVA emulsions

Caseins

7. Structural Composites

8. Ion exchange resins – Water purification & Water treatment chemicals

Beads of resin used for the water treatment for ion exchange. Ion exchange is really a water treatment system widely used for water softening or demineralization, but it is also used in procedures such as dealkalization, deionization, and disinfection to extract certain contaminants from the water.
The most widely used water treatment chemicals are:

Algicide

Chlorine dioxide

Chlorine

Muriatic acid

Soda ash or Sodium bicarbonate.

Surface Coating

Paints & Printing inks – are dispersion of pigments, extenders in resins

Main objectives of surface coatings are:

Protect

Decorate

Components Purpose

Resin

Optical & Mechanical

properties, durability &

resistance to various

environments

Pigment

Colour, Durability and

resistance to various

environments

Extenders

Adjustments of optical

properties

Solvent/Water

Solubilisation of resin and

application aid

Types of Surface Coatings

We have surface Coatings for the following

Solvent based: These are made up of liquefying agents which is evaporated by chemical reaction with oxygen. A major advantage is that they are less vulnerable to environmental conditions like humidity and temperature during curing phase

Water based: In this type water act as a carrier for transporting the resins and other additives to the element which is to be treated. They, are more commonly used because of the inherent property of environmental sustainability as it dilutes and reduce the emission of solvents to nearly zero

Solvent free: It is a type of coating where the solvent content is less than 5%, it is quite environment friendly and used in many industries to reduce pollution and corrosion and also reduced health risk and safety requirements.

Powder: They represent over 15% of the total industrial market and used in a variant of products. They produce a high quality, durable finish thereby maximizing production with better efficiency and a relatively simple environmental compliance. Available in different colors and textures and modified technological advancements resulted in greater performance properties. They are also durable which makes them a popular choice

Application Technologies – Paints

1. Brushing:

Under infinite variable circumstances and situations, brushing is the oldest and flexible type of operation. Painting large, complex objects are still the best method. Brushing enables us to penetrate the paint and reduce waste. It’s used primarily for decorative as well as maintenance purposes.

2. Dipping:

Dip coating relates to a substratum being immersed in a tank containing coating material, eliminating the piece from those in the tank and enabling it to drain. It is a popular method with the spin coating procedure to create thin film-coated components.

3. Air Assisted Spraying:

Hydraulic pressure allows air-assisted airless spray atomization so that it atomizes the pattern core. The pattern size and fluid flow speed are calculated by a fluid tip. Air fills the pattern, and the pattern is completed by an aircap, eliminating tails.

4. Electrostatic Spraying:

The application of electrostatic painting uses positive and negative charges to apply paint to avoid overspray and to ensure the application. It works by creating between the object and the paint an electrostatic field.

5. Airless Spraying:

The airless sprayer operates by squeezing paint through a tiny hole in the spray gun tip at a very high pressure, up to 3,000 psi. The tip is designed to disperse the paint uniformly into a pattern of tiny droplets in the shape of a fan.

6. Roller Coating:

Roller coating uses the coil coating principle but is intended to cover individual flat parts, such as round disks, which are then formed into the frying pans.

7. Curtain Coating:

Curtain coating is a process creating an uninterrupted fluid curtain that falls on a substrate. The surface is passed through the curtain at a controlled speed on a conveyor belt or calendar rolls to ensure even coverage of the die.

8. Anodic Deposition:

There will be two types of anodic and cathodic EPD systems. On the positively charged electrode or anode, negatively charged material is deposited in the anodic process. Positively charged material on the negatively charged electrode, or cathode, is deposited in the cathodic process.

9. Cathodic Deposition:

Cathodic electrodeposition is a high-quality, inexpensive coating for all submersible pieces of steel, also known as cathodic dip coating or cataphoretic painting.

Application Technologies – Printing Inks

Letter Press

Offset/Web offset:
– Screen
– Flexo
– Gravure

Curing Technologies

Ambient Temperature drying/air drying

Elevated Temperature drying/curing

Infrared drying

Radiation Curing

Steps/Stages during curing

Evaporation of solvents/water

Reaction with atmospheric oxygen/humidity

Reaction at ambient or elevated temperature

Reaction induced by radiation

Synthetic Resins

Saturated Polyesters

Unsaturated Polyesters

Alkyds

Epoxies

Acrylics

Vinyls

Polyacetals

Polyurathanes

Amino resins

Phenolic resins

Rosin modified resin

Maleic resins

Ketonic Resins

Isocynate adducts

Polyamides

Silicones

Cellulose acetate Butyrate

Nitrocellulose

Hydroxy ethyl cellulose

Carboxy Methyl Cellulose

Chlorinated poly propylene

Forms of Resins

Solid

Liquid

100% Liquid

Solution in Solvent

Emulsion

Dispersion

Physical Parameters of Resin

Appearance – Solid/Liquid

Clarity – Whether clear / turbid / hazy / free of foreign particles % Solids

Viscosity at specific temperature

Dilution viscosity

Solvent Tolerance

Specific Gravity

Softening / melting point

Compatibility with co-resin/other resin

Pot life (in case of two pack coatings)

Gel Time

Chemical Parameters

Acid Value

Hydroxyl value

Amine value

Epoxy Value

Isocyanate content

Formaldehyde content

Methylol Content

Curing or drying Parameters

Ambient temperature Drying using driers (Metalic Soaps)

Elevated Temperature drying using driers or crosslinker using specific ratios

Dry Film properties

Appearance

Clarity of the film

Scratch hardness

Pencil hardness

Impact resistance

Flexibility

Gloss

Resistance to water

Saturated Polyesters

Saturated polyester resin is the reaction of polybasic acids and polyols and has outstanding strength and hardness in its characteristics. It is primarily used for non-stick pan,glue,  PET coil, metallic baking paint like automotive paint, painting, Marker, Rolling steel.

Raw materials

Aliphatic dibasic acids, Aromatic dibasic acids, THPA, HHPA, TMA, etc. Glycols

Functional groups

Carboxyl, Hydroxyl, Ester

Major End Uses

Auto OEM and refinishes, coil coatings, Powder coatings

Unsaturated Polyesters

Copolyesters are unsaturated polyesters — that is, polyesters prepared from a saturated dicarboxylic acid or its anhydride (usually phthalic anhydride) as well as an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or anhydride (usually maleic anhydride).

Raw materials

Aliphatic dibasic acids, Aromatic dibasic acids like Maleic anhydride, Fumeric acid, Glycols

Functional groups

Carboxyl, Hydroxyl, Ester, unsaturation.

Major End Uses

Wood finishes, Automobile putty

Alkyds

Alkyd resins are polyester thermoplastic resins made with polybasic acids or their anhydrides by heating polyhydric alcohols. These are used to produce protective coatings with strong weathering properties and due to their durability and low cost, these are important ingredients in many synthetic paints.

Raw materials

Oils, Fatty acids, Aromatic dibasic acids, Unsaturated dibasic acids like Maleic anhydride, Fumeric acid

Functional groups

Carboxyl, Hydroxyl, Ester, unsaturation.

Major End Uses

Architectural coatings, Industrial Coatings (Ambient Temperature drier/Elevated temperature drying)

Epoxies

Epoxy resins are used for the manufacture of adhesives, coatings, paints, plastics, primers and sealers, floors and other items and materials used in building applications. Epoxies are plastics of thermoset formed by the reaction of two or more industrial chemical compounds.

Raw materials

Bisphenol A & epichloro hydrin

Functional groups

Ether, epoxy, Hydroxy

Major End Uses

Industrial maintenance coating, Chemical Resistant Paints, Electrodeposition Paints, Powder coatings.

Acrylics (thermoplastic)

Solvent-based acrylic coating resin is the polymer that is formed by unsaturated bonds from the cross-linking reaction between acrylic and ester monomer. Acrylic resin is made up of types of thermoplastics and thermosetting. Acrylic paint is highly heat, water and chemical resistant.

Raw materials

Soft & hard monomers

Functional groups

Carbon Carbon bond

Major End Uses

Coating on plane substrates such as ABS, HIPS, etc. (Cabinets, Mobile phones, etc). Touch up paints(aerosol coatings), Coat on concrete.

Acrylic (Thermosetting)

Acrylic resin includes types of thermoplastic and thermosetting. Acrylic paint is highly heat, water and chemical resistant. In addition, it can co-polymerize to meet the performance requirements of hardness and softness with other monomers.

Used primarily in cement painting based on oil, plastic paint, marine paint, automotive baking paint, appliances / metal baking paint, automotive refinishing, wood coating, etc.

Raw materials

Soft & hard functional monomers

Functional groups

Hydroxyl, carboxyl, Etherified N-methylol groups, etc.

Major End Uses

Automotive Paints (top coats for metal & plastic components)

Polyamides (reactive)

A polyamide is a multi-unit macromolecule connected by amide bonds. Naturally and artificially, polyamides occur. Proteins, such as wool and silk, are sources of naturally occurring polyamides. Using step-growth polymerization or solid-phase synthesis, which yields materials such as nylons, aramids, and sodium poly(aspartate), polyamides can be made artificially. Because of their high durability and strength, synthetic polyamides are commonly used in textiles, automotive, carpets, kitchen utensils, and sportswear. The major consumer is the transportation manufacturing industry, accounting for 35% of polyamide (PA) consumption.

Raw materials

Dimer fatty acid, monobasic fatty acid, triethylene tera amine, triethylene pentaamine, diethylene triamine

Functional groups

Amide, amino

Major End Uses

Harder for epoxy coating

Polyamides (Non-reactive)

Polyamide resins based on dimer acid (DAB) are either reactive or non-reactive. Of epoxy resins used in surface coatings and adhesives, reactive polyamides are mainly used as curing agents. Non-reactive DAB polyamides are commonly used in hot-melt adhesives as well as in printing inks.

Raw materials

Dimer fatty acid, Monobasic fatty acid, Ethylene diamine

Functional groups

Amide

Major End Uses

Printing inks for polyphenic substrates

Pure phenolic resins (Resols)

The resin provided is treated using top grade chemicals. In varnishes, enamels and lacquers, this resin is widely used. In fact, at the most affordable prices, this Pure Phenolic Resin is made available to customers.

Raw materials

Phenol formaldehyde, Alcohols, such as butanol, etc.

Functional groups

Methylene bridge, Ether, methylol, etherified methylol

Major End Uses

Curing agent for epoxies and silicon at elevated temperatures, Sp. varnishes

Rosin Modified Phenolic resins

Rosin Modified Phenolic Resin is a vacuum-treated glycerol (or penta erythrite) esterification product containing rosin, phenol (or bisphenol A) and formaldehyde polycondensate.

Raw materials

Rosin Bis-phenol A, Para tertiary Butyl phenol, Paraformaldehyde Penta, glycerine

Functional groups

Methylene bridge, ether, methylol, etherified methylol

Major End Uses

Printing inks, Vehicles, Hammer tone binders

Rosin modified Maleic resins

Maleic resin is produced by esterification with the polyhydric alcohol from gum rosin and maleic anhydride. UMaleic resins are used to improve shine, hardness, drying rate, abrasion resistance and yellow resistance primarily for surface coatings and primers. In Toluene, Xylene, White Spirits, completely Soluble.

Raw materials

Rosin, Maleic anhydride, Fumeric acid, penta, glycerine, etc.

Functional groups

Ester, carboxyl, hydroxyl

Major End Uses

Picture varnish, Flexo inks, hammer tone binder, nitro cellulose based paints.

Isocyanate adducts

In many industrial fields, polymers prepared by polyisocyanate reaction, hereinafter referred to as isocyanate adducts, are used. For example, polyurethanes, poly isocyanurates and polyureas are adducts of isocyanate

Raw materials

TDI, HDI, IPDI, TMP

Functional groups

Urethane, isocyanate

Major End Uses

Crosslinker for alkyd, epoxy and acrylic polyol

Amino Resin

Amino resins are polymers that are thermosetting created by combining an aldehyde with an amino (NH2) group compound. Urea–formaldehyde (U / F) accounts for more than 80% of amino resins; most of the remainder are accounted for by melamine–formaldehyde. Certain aldehydes and other amino compounds are used for a very low extent

Raw materials

Urea, Melamine, Paraformaldehyde, Butanol

Functional groups

Ether, Methylol, etherfied methylol, imino

Major End Uses

Crosslinker for alkyd, epoxy and acrylic polyol.

Ketonic resins

Ketone-aldehyde resins are condensation products of cyclohexanone and an aldehyde such as formaldehyde or isobutyraldehyde, also known as cyclohexanone or ketonic resins. … When mixed with these resins, gloss, hardness, adhesion, and heat and light resistance are often improved.

Raw materials

Cyclohexanone, isophorone, formaldehyde

Functional groups

Ether, Methylene, hydroxyl

Major End Uses

Picture varnishes & Flexo inks

Silicones

Silicone resins are a form of silicone material formed by branched, cage-like oligosiloxane with a general RnSiXmOy formula, where R is a non-reactive substituent, usually Methyl (Me) or Phenyl (Ph), and X is a functional group of Hydrogen (H), Hydroxyl (OH), Chlorine (Cl) or Alkoxy (OR).

Raw materials

Silane diols, silane triols

Functional groups

Silicon oxygen bond, ether, hydroxyl

Major End Uses

Heat resistant coatings

Vinyls

Vinyl ester resin, or often simply vinyl ester, is a resin formed with acrylic or methacrylic acids by esterification of an epoxy resin.

Raw materials

Vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, maleic anhydride

Functional groups

carbon carbon bond, carboxyl, hydroxyl

Major End Uses

Modifying resin

Polyacetal resins

Polyacetal resins, also classified as acetal or polyoxymethylene (POM) resins, are essential engineering resins with outstanding wear resistance and extraordinary chemical, thermal, electrical and mechanical properties.

Raw materials

Polyvinyl alcohol, formaldehyde, butyraldehyde

Functional groups

carbon-carbon bond, ether, hydroxyl

Major End Uses

Etch primer, flex inks

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Modern Technology of Synthetic Resins & Their Applications (2nd Revised Edition)

Modern Technology of Synthetic Resins

Modern Technology of Synthetic Resins & Their Applications (2nd Revised Edition)

(Acetal, Acrylonitrile, Alkyd, Amino, Casein, Cashew nut Shell Liquid, Epoxy, Phenolic, Polyamide, Polyurethane, Rubber, Silicon, Polyvinyl Acetate, Shellac, Sucrose, Terpene Resins) (2nd Revised Edition)

Synthetic resins or polymers refers to a molecule that’s created of several (poly) components (mers). These subunits or mers represents the only repetition chemical structural unit from that the compound consists these subunits are capable of conformist to infinite no. of configurations with entirely completely different chemical and physical properties this makes them a unique proposition for various applications in dentistry

Synthetic resins, it’s important to understand the difference between different types. First, there are similarities shared between all synthetic resins. They’re not too dissimilar from natural plant resins. This suggests that they need viscous liquids. These liquids are capable of hardening for good. Besides this one connecting feature, the two resins are very with chemicals totally different.

When dealing with synthetic resins, it’s important to understand the difference between differing kinds. First, there are similarities shared between all synthetic resins. They’re not too dissimilar from natural plant resins. This suggests that they have viscous liquids. These liquids are capable of hardening permanently. Besides this one connecting feature, the two resins are terribly chemically totally different.

The most commonly used variety of synthetic resin is epoxy resin. These things is formed through polymerization and polycondensation reactions. They’re used as a thermosetting polymer that’s used for adhesives. Epoxy resins are very sturdy. It’s even stronger than concrete, whereas also remaining waterproof. You’ll most likely notice flooring corporations using this type of resin.

Synthetic resin are used in a variety of products such as plastics, paints, varnishes, and textiles. There are various kinds of synthetic resins; Acetal resins, amino resins, casein resins, epoxy resins, hydrocarbon resins, polyamide resins, etc. The classic variety is epoxy resin, manufactured through polymerization, used as a thermoset polymer for adhesives and composites. Epoxy resin is two times stronger than concrete, seamless and waterproof. Polyamide resin is another example of synthetic resins. Polyamide resins are products of polymerization of an amino acid or the condensation of a diamine with a carboxylic acid. They are used for fibers, bristles, bearings, gears, molded objects, coatings, and adhesives. The term nylon formerly referred specifically to synthetic polyamides as a class. Because of many applications in mechanical engineering, nylons are considered engineering plastics. Resins are valued for their chemical properties and associated uses, such as the production of varnishes, adhesives, lacquers, paints, rubber and pharmaceutical uses

For more information, please visit Synthetic Polymers & Resins For Wide Industry Supplier.

Applications:-

Packaging

Building Material

Automotive

Electronics

Market outlook:-

Synthetic resins are non-crystalline or viscous liquid substances. They consist of numerous synthetic materials which have similar properties to natural resins. However, the chemical composition of synthetic resins is different from natural resins. Synthetic resins are broadly differentiated into thermoplastic and thermosetting synthetic resins based on the procedure of their formation processes (esterification and/or soaping of organic compounds). Some of the common thermoplastic synthetic resins include polyethylene, polypropylene, ABS, PET, PVC, polycarbonate, polyurethane, and nylon, among others. Some of the common thermosetting synthetic resins include phenolic, polyurethanes, and epoxy resins, among others.

Synthetic resins are materials with a property of interest that’s almost like natural plant resins they’re viscous liquids that are capable of hardening permanently. Otherwise, with chemicals they’re terribly totally different from the various resinous compounds secreted by plants. Synthetic resins comprise an outsized category of synthetic product that have a number of the physical properties of natural resins however are totally different with chemicals. Synthetic resins aren’t clearly differentiated from plastics.

The growth of the synthetic resins market can be attributed to the high demand from the packaging sector due to favorable properties, including lightweight and ability to act as an excellent barrier, which allows for their usage in applications such as barrier packaging, shrink wraps, and pharmaceutical packaging.

The synthetic resins procurement ways because of the growing environmental concerns over the usage of synthetic resins. Considering this, it’s imperative for consumers to partner with suppliers that incorporate sustainability into their production processes and facilitate them in achieving their sustainability goals. A number of the green initiatives that consumers ought to think about are recycling measures, environmental audits of raw materials utilized by suppliers, among others.

The global Synthetic Resin market was valued at million US$ in and will reach million US$ by the end of , growing at a CAGR of during -. The globally flourishing construction sector is one of the largest consumers of raw materials such as steel, various forms of industrial chemicals, polymers and engineering plastics. Demand for epoxy resins is surfacing due to modern infrastructural developments and consequently augmenting sustainable resins market growth. Epoxy resins are applied in the production of coatings, adhesives, paints, plastics, primers and sealers, flooring and innumerable products and other materials that are used for building and construction operations.

ACETAL RESINS

Properties of Formaldehyde and Trioxane

Preparation of Polymers

New Polymers of Formaldehyde

Polymerization of Trioxane

Higher Aldehydes

Other Aldehydes

Properties of Aldehyde Polymers

Polymers of Other Aldehydes

Processing of Formaldehyde Polymers

Uses of Polymers of Formaldehyde

ACRYLIC SOLUTION RESINS

Terminology

Backbone Monomers

Thermoplastic Acrylics

Thermosetting Acrylics

Processing Industries

Aqueous Solution Acrylics

Non-Aqueous Dispersions (NAD)

Machinery & Equipments

ACRYLONITRILE RESINS

Manufacture of Acrylonitrile

From Acetylene

Acrylonitrile: styrene Copolymers

Acrylonitrile: butadiene-styrene

Uses and Economic Aspects

ALKYD RESIN TECHNOLOGY

The Nature of Alkyd Resins

Raw Materials

Modifiers for Alkyd Resins

Formulation of Alkyd Resins

Formula Development

Calculation of Alkyd Formulations

Typical Formulations

Manufacture of Alkyd Resins

Alcoholysis

Acidolysis

Fatty Acid Process

Estrification

Raw Materials Handling

Alkyd Manufacturing Plant

Corrective Measures during Processing

Applications of Alkyd Resins

AMINO RESINS

Formation of Amino Resins

Urea Formaldehyde Resins

Melamine Formaldehyde Resins

Other Amino Resins

Production of Amino Resins

Uses of Amino Resins

Machinery and Equipments

Economics of the Melamine-Formaldehyde

Resin/Urea-formaldehyde resin

BHILAWAN NUT SHELL LIQUID RESINS

CASEIN RESINS

Manufacture

Properties

Casein Adhesves for Bonding Paper

Casein Adhesive for a Binding Dissimilar Materials

Lime-Free Glue Formulations

Methods of Application

CASHEWNUT SHELL LIQUID RESINS

Chemistry of Cashew nut shell Liquid

Utilisation of Cashewnut Shell Liquid

Chemically Modified Cardanol Polymer

EPOXY RESINS

Introduction

Epoxy Resin Manufacture and Characterization

Curing Agents For Epoxy Resins

Principles in Formulating with Epoxy Resins

Solventless coating for application by heated two

componentair less spray equipment

Water Dispersible Epoxy Coatings

Epoxy Baking Enamels

Water-Dispersible Epoxy Resin Coatings

for Electrodeposition

Epoxy Aqueuos powder Suspensions (APS)

FURAN RESINS

HYDROCARBON RESINS

Petroleum Resins

Terpene Resins

Resins from Pure Monomers

ION-EXCHANGE RESINS

Theory and Mechanism

Types of Ion-Exchange Resins

Types of Ion-Exchange Resins

Properties

Applications

Manufacture

Manufacture of Polystyrene Based Ion-Exchange

Resins Polymerisation

Alternative Method of Synthesis of anIon-Exchange Resin

Process of Manufacture

Methods of Analysis

Determination of Physcial Properties:

Chemical Properties

INDENE-COUMARONE RESINS

Raw Material and Source

Method of Preparation

Mechanism of Polymerization

Physical Chemical Properties and Type

Hydrogenated Resins

Applications

Application in Adhesives

Coumarone-indene Resin Adhesives

Health and Hygiene Factors

Test Methods

Economics for Coumarone-indene Resin Plant

PHENOLIC RESINS

Raw Materials

Phenol Formaldehyde Reactions

Catalysts

Modified Phenolic Resins

Baking Phenolics

Dispersion Resins

Novolak Resins

Resols

Fillers for Phenolic Moulding Powders

Thermal degradation

Modified and Thermal – Resistance Resins

Oil Soluble Phenolic Resin

Heat and Sound Insulation Materials

Foundry Resins

BISPHENOL-FURFURAL RESIN

PARA-TOLUENE SULFONAMIDE RESINS

POLYCARBONATES RESINS

Properties

Methods of Manufacture

POLYAMIDE RESINS

Properties

Methods of Manufacture

POLYMIDE RESINS

Polymide Adhesives

Adhesive and Bonding Technology

POLYURETHANE RESINS

Raw Materials

Hazards of Isocyanates

Classification of Polyurethanes

POLYVINYL ALCOHOL RESINS

Introduction

Chemical Nature

Physical Properties

Modifiers

Commercial uses: Compounding and Formulating

Commercial uses: Processing Aids

Formulations

Preparation Process

Adhesives

Economics for Polyvinyl alcohol

POLYVINYL ACETATE SOLID RESINS

Manufacture

Vinyl Acetate Copolymers

Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsions

Manufacture

Laboratory Preparation of Polyvinyl Acetate

Commercial Preparation

Special Formulation Acetate Adhesive

As Adhesives in the Building Industry

Economics for Polyvinyl acetate

RUBBER RESINS

Introduction

Natural Rubber

Synthetic Rubbers

Chlorinated Rubber Resins

Cyclized Rubber Resins

Application and Formulations

High Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Resins

Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Adhesives

Chlorinated Biphenyls

Chlorinated Paraffins

Synthetic Rubber Resin Latexes

Nitrile rubber Adhesives

Butyl Rubber and Polysobutylene Adhesives

Processing for Butyl Polymers

Carboxylic Resin Polymers in Adhesives

Carboxylic elastoners in PSA

Carboxylic Functional Neoprenes as Contace Adhesives

SILICONE RESINS

Preparation of Silocones

Silicone Resins

Preparation and Formulation of Silicone-Resin

based Coatings

Application Guides

Other Silicone Resin Application

Other Silicones for Surface Coatings

SHELLAC RESINS

Commercial Forms of Lac

Chemical Composition

Modification with Synthetic Resins

SUCROSE RESINS

Transesterification

Sucrose modified resins

Sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB)

ROSIN & ROSIN DERIVATIVES

Composition, Reaction and Derivatives, Isomerization

Maleation

Oxidation, Photosensitized Oxidation

Hydrogenation

Hydrogenless Hydrogenation

Hydrocaraking of Rosin

Phenolic Modification

Salt Formation

Hydrogenolysis

Polyesterification

Preparations, Typical Uses

Chemical and Physical Properties of Amine D Acetate

Decarboxylation

Hydroxymethylation and Hydroxylation

Poly-Oxyalkylation

Oxonation

TERPENE RESINS

Hot Melt Adhesives (HMA) and coatings

Terpene-phenolic Resin (TPR)

WATER-SOLUBLE POLYMERS

Classification

Applications of Starches

The textile industry

Adhesive Applications

Liquid Adhesives

Miscellaneous Uses

Properties of Cellulose Ethers

Emulsion Polymerization

ALKYL AND HYDROXYALKYL CELLULOSE

Cellulosic Ethers, General Information

Manufacture

Powder and Film properties

Physical and chemiclal properties

Commercial Uses: Compounding and Formulating

Commercial Uses

WATER-REDUCIBLE RESINS

Water Soluble Polymers

Cross-Linking of Water-Soluble Coatings

Additives for Coatings, Pigments

Formulation of water-soluble coatings

Trouble shooting with water-soluble polymers

PHOTOGRAPHS OF MACHINERY WITH SUPPLIERS

CONTACT DETAILS

Reactor

Condenser

Thermic Fluid Heating System

Octagonal Blender

Industrial Storage Vessels

Ribbon Blender

Filter Press

Filter Tank

Moulding Machine

Ball Mill

Blender

Dryer

Roller Mill

Conveyor Dryer

Resin Plant

Blender Machine

Air Compressor

Heat Exchanger

Storage Tank

SAMPLE PLANT LAYOUT AND PROCESS FLOW CHART

Alkyd Resin Manufacturing

Resin Production Equipment

Process Flow Chart for Toner Resins

Polyester Resin Production

Factory Layout for production of Alkyd Resin Production Plant

Resin Vs. Plastic: Understanding The Core Differences For Better ...

In the huge system of materials science, resin, as an extremely important class of polymer materials, occupies a pivotal position in our daily life and in various fields of industrial production. However, many people often confuse resin with plastic, making it difficult to distinguish between the two. Next, let’s take a closer look at this unique material, from its definition, properties, types, to its advantages and disadvantages, and its wide range of applications.

What is Resin?

Resin can be divided into natural resins and synthetic resins, and are a class of organic polymers. Under normal conditions, they are mostly in solid or semi-solid form, insoluble in water, but can be dissolved in specific organic solvents. During processing, the resin is hardened by heating or by adding a curing agent. Phenolic resin and polyester resinare widely used in industries such as art creation, aerospace and automotive manufacturing.

The unique properties of resin

  • Strength and hardness: Different types of resin vary greatly in strength and hardness. Epoxy resin, for example, have excellent strength due to their high crosslinking density.
  • Lightweight: The low density of the resin makes it an indispensable material for the aerospace and automotive industries.
  • Flexibility: Polyurethane resin have outstanding flexibility due to their unique molecular structure.
  • Biocompatible: Some resins are safe for use in the medical field due to their good compatibility with human tissues.
  • Weather resistance: Different resins have different weather resistance, and acrylic resins have excellent performance in light resistance.
  • Corrosion resistance: Fluorocarbon resins are chemically stable and can effectively resist the erosion of various chemicals.
  • Processability: The resin has good plasticity and can be processed into products of various shapes and sizes.
  • Thermoplastic vs. thermoset: Some resins can be both repeatedly softened and cured under certain conditions.
  • Environmental protection: With the deepening of the concept of environmental protection, the research and development of environmentally friendly resin products has become a new trend.

Physical properties of resin

  1. Condition: Resin exists in a wide variety of forms, including solid, liquid, and gelatinous forms.
  2. Color: It can take on a wide variety of colors, both transparent and opaque.
  3. Density: From low density to high density, there is a wide range of resin products.
  4. Hardness: It has a wide range of hardness, from soft to hard.
  5. Texture: To the touch, some resins are smooth, while others are more viscous.
  6. Transparency: Transparency ranges from transparent to opaque.
  7. Gloss: Some resin products have a shiny luster.
  8. Thermal conductivity: In general, resins have low thermal conductivity and good insulating properties.
  9. Electrical insulation: This property allows it to be used in scenarios where reduced conductivity is required.
  10. Melting Point: The melting point of a resin varies depending on the type and additives.

The chemical properties of the resin

  • Polymerization: Resin is formed by polymerization through a specific chemical reaction.
  • Cross-linking: The cross-linking reaction can significantly enhance the strength and stability of the resin.
  • Solubility: The solubility of the resin varies in different solvents.
  • Reactivity: The resin can react with a curing agent or catalyst to achieve a change in performance.
  • Chemical resistance: There are differences in the chemical resistance of resins due to different formulations and types.
  • Thermal decomposition: At high temperatures, the resin decomposes.
  • Oxidation resistance: Some resins can still maintain good stability in an oxidizing environment.
  • Hygroscopicity: The hygroscopicity of a resin has an impact on its dimensional stability and mechanical properties.

Type of resin

  1. Epoxy resin: Known for its high strength and durability, it is widely used in construction, electronics and other industries.
  2. Polyurethane resin: It has good flexibility and toughness, and is often used in the manufacture of shoe soles, sofas and other products.
  3. Polyester resin: It has good mechanical properties and chemical resistance, and is widely used in the field of shipbuilding.
  4. Silicone: It has excellent heat resistance and electrical insulation, and is mostly used for sealing electronic devices.
  5. Acrylic resin: Transparent and weather-resistant, often used in the production of outdoor billboards.
  6. Phenolic resin: Outstanding heat resistance and electrical insulation, it is an ideal material for manufacturing electrical enclosures.

Advantages of resin

  • Corrosion resistance: After proper treatment, the corrosion protection performance of the resin is excellent.
  • High strength: Resin has higher strength than traditional materials.
  • Abrasion resistance: The resin has high hardness and good wear resistance.
  • Insulation: In the electrical field, the insulating properties of resins play an important role.
  • Processability: Various processing methods such as injection molding enable the resin to be made into a variety of products.
  • Low cost: Overall, the cost of resins is relatively low.
  • Lightweight: Resins are lighter in weight compared to materials such as metal and concrete.

Disadvantages of resin

  1. Flammability: Some resins are flammable and have certain safety hazards.
  2. Coating difficulty: When coating work, the resin surface is prone to problems such as bubbles.
  3. Difficulty of recycling: It is difficult to recycle resin waste.
  4. Brittleness: In general, the resin texture is brittle.
  5. Temperature sensitivity: Most resins are difficult to withstand high temperatures.
  6. UV sensitivity: With long-term exposure to ultraviolet light, the resin is susceptible to damage.

Uses of resin

  • Medical and health: Absorbent resins are widely used in the medical field, such as diapers, wound dressings, etc.
  • Coatings and varnishes: Resins are used as a substrate for coatings and varnishes to protect surfaces.
  • Adhesives: Resins have excellent adhesion properties and are an important component of various adhesives.
  • Plastic products: The production of many plastic products is inseparable from resins.
  • Fibers: Resin fibers play an important role in the manufacture of textiles and synthetic leather.
  • Electronics: used in the manufacture of various electronic components, such as circuit boards.
  • Building materials: Resins are also key raw materials in architectural coatings and adhesives.
  • Printing inks: Resins ensure that the ink adheres firmly to the printing surface.

What is Plastic?

In our daily lives, plastics can be found everywhere. From drinking water bottles to the casings of electronic products, we cannot do without them. So, what exactly is plastic? Plastic is essentially a synthetic or semi-synthetic material, the main component of which is polymer. It is not only lightweight, but also very durable and flexible. Most importantly, it has low production costs. These advantages have quickly led to the widespread use of plastics in various fields. Currently, the raw materials for the production of most modern plastics come from fossil fuels.

Unique properties of plastics

  1. Flexibility: Can be easily molded into various shapes, whether it is a large plastic water tank or a small and exquisite ornament. ​
  2. Durability: Wear-resistant and impact-resistant, like everyday plastic tables and chairs, not easily damaged by bumps and sun exposure. ​
  3. Lightweight: Conducive to transportation and packaging, can reduce the difficulty and cost of handling. ​
  4. Insulation: Good electrical insulation and thermal insulation, wire sheaths and insulation containers often use this property. ​
  5. Chemical resistance: Can resist most chemicals, laboratory reagent bottles are often made of plastic. ​
  6. Versatility: By adjusting the formula and process, it can meet different specific needs. ​
  7. Low cost: Suitable for large-scale production, favored by many companies. ​
  8. Waterproof: In pipes and outdoor equipment, it can effectively prevent moisture.

Physical properties of plastic

  • Melting point: It varies according to different types of plastics, such as polyethylene and polypropylene have different melting points.
  • Density: From low-density foam to high-density engineering plastics, the span is large.
  • Stiffness: There are soft as plastic bags and hard as plastic cutting boards.
  • Transparency: It can be transparent for beverage bottles, but also opaque for toy production.
  • Permeability: Some plastics are permeable to gases and liquids, depending on the type.

Chemical properties of plastics

  1. Chemical resistance: It can store chemicals and resist acids and corrosive substances.
  2. Stability: Sensitive to temperature and light, easy to age at high temperature and exposure to sun.
  3. Flammability: Most of them are flammable and release harmful gases, so pay attention to fire prevention when using.
  4. Degradation: The rate of degradation depends on the type and environment, and some of them are refractory to degradation in the natural environment.
  5. Solubility: Different plastics have unique solubility properties in different solvents.
  6. Reactivity: Depending on the chemical composition, it reacts with other substances under certain conditions.
  7. Recyclability: Due to the complex composition, it is difficult to recycle.

Main types of plastic

1.General plastics:

  • PE (polyethylene): Including HDPE, LDPE, etc.
  • PP (polypropylene): High rigidity, heat resistance
  • PVC (polyvinyl chloride): Two types of hard and soft
  • PS (polystyrene): Transparent, easy to process

2.Engineering plastics:

  • PA (nylon): Wear resistance, high strength
  • PC (polycarbonate): Impact resistance, transparent
  • POM (polyoxymethylene): High rigidity, low friction
  • PET (polyethylene terephthalate): High mechanical strength

3.Special plastics:

  • PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene): High temperature resistance, low friction
  • PEEK (polyetheretherketone): High temperature resistance, high strength
  • PI (polyimide): Extreme environmental stability

advantages of plastic

Plastic materials offer significant advantages in a number of ways:

  1. Convenient processing: Suitable for injection molding, extrusion and other molding processes
  2. Light weight, high strength: The specific strength is better than most metal materials
  3. Design freedom: Complex geometries can be formed
  4. Cost-effective: The cost advantage of mass production is obvious
  5. Versatility: Special properties can be obtained through modification
  6. Corrosion resistance: Resistant to a variety of chemical media
  7. Insulation properties: Excellent electrical insulation properties
  8. Shock and noise reduction: Good damping characteristics

Disadvantages of plastic

There are also several restrictions on the use of plastic materials:

  • Limited heat resistance: Long-term use temperatures are usually below 150°C
  • Creep tendency: Prone to deformation under long-term load
  • Aging problem: Reduced performance due to light, heat, and oxygen
  • Recycling challenges: The sorting and recycling system is not yet perfect
  • Dimensionally stable: High coefficient of thermal expansion
  • Surface hardness: Most varieties are easy to be scratched
  • Environmental concerns: Difficult degradation of traditional varieties

Uses of plastic

Plastics are used in a wide range of modern industries:

1.Packaging industry:

Food packaging: PE film, PET bottle

Transport packaging: PP turnover box, foam cushioning material

2.Automobile manufacturing:

Interior parts: ABS, PP

Functional parts: PA tubing, POM gear

3.Electrical & Electronics:

Shell: ABS, PC/ABS alloy

Insulators: PVC cable, PE film

4.Architectural Field:

Pipe: PVC-U, PP-R

Profile: PVC doors and windows

Insulation material: EPS, XPS

5.Medical Devices:

Disposables: PP, PE

Precision instruments: PC, PEEK

6.Daily necessities:

Household items: PP, PS

Children’s products: ABS, TPE

7.Agricultural Applications:

Mulch: LDPE

Irrigation pipe: HDPE

8.Sports Equipment:

Protective equipment: PC, ABS

Sports equipment: carbon fiber reinforced plastic

Resin vs. Plastic: Core Differences

The following is a table comparing the differences between resins and plastics, organized based on key dimensions such as composition, properties, and processing methods:

Summary of key differences:

  • Definition and Composition: Resins are natural or synthetic polymers; plastics are synthetic with additional additives.
  • Processing Methods: Resins require curing; plastics are processed through molding techniques.
  • Form and State: Resins are often liquid or semi-solid; plastics are solid.
  • Uses: Resins are used in coatings, adhesives, and composites; plastics are used in packaging, construction, and consumer goods.
  • Properties: Resins generally have higher hardness and density, while plastics are more flexible and durable.

When to choose resin over plastic?

Resin should be preferred over plastic in the following 7 situations:

  1. When high-strength bonding is required (e.g., structural bonding, resin adhesion is 3-5 times higher than plastic)
  2. When the operating temperature exceeds 150°C (thermosetting resins can withstand temperatures up to 200-500°C, plastics are generally below 150°C)
  3. Electronic precision packaging requirements (resin CTE can be adjusted to <20ppm/°C, plastic is generally 50-100ppm/°C)
  4. Strong corrosive environment (fluoropolymer is resistant to 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, and the annual corrosion rate is <0.01mm)
  5. Ultra-thin coating (UV resin can achieve 10μm coating, plastic spraying is difficult to be less than 100μm)
  6. Medical implant requirements (medical silicone resin passes cytotoxicity level 0 test)
  7. High-end surface treatment (resin can achieve mirror gloss GU>95, plastic is affected by weld marks)

Key to Choice: When better temperature resistance, adhesion, corrosion resistance, precision, or biocompatibility are required, resins should be used, even at a high cost. Common application scenarios (such as packaging, daily necessities) are more suitable for plastics.

When should you choose plastic over resin?

Plastics should be preferred over resins in the following situations:

  1. When large-scale production is required (plastic injection molding is efficient and has a short cycle)
  2. Cost-sensitive products (the price of general plastic raw materials is usually 1/3-1/2 of that of resins)
  3. Require complex three-dimensional modeling (plastics have good fluidity and are suitable for making fine structural parts)
  4. Short-term use or disposable products (such as packaging bags, beverage bottles, etc.)
  5. When materials need to be recyclable (thermoplastics can be repeatedly melted and recycled)
  6. Require flexibility or impact resistance (such as PE, PP and other plastics have better toughness than most resins)
  7. Use in normal temperature environments (plastics have stable performance in the range of -40℃~120℃)

Choice key: When pursuing production efficiency, cost advantages, freedom of modeling or recyclability, plastics are a more economical and practical choice. However, resins should still be considered in scenarios with special requirements for temperature resistance and strength.

Choosing the Right CNC Machining Parts Factory

When looking for a CNC machining parts factory, there are quite a few things to look out for. First of all, it is necessary to examine the technical level of the factory in climb milling and conventional milling, especially multi-axis CNC machining technology. You know, a factory that specializes in high-precision CNC machining can make the machined parts have a smooth and flat surface and accurate dimensions. If you want to process parts made of aluminum, plastic, titanium, etc., it is best to choose a factory that is experienced in aluminum CNC machining, CNC plastic machining, and CNC titanium machining.
Take auto parts processing as an example, many auto parts have extremely high requirements for precision, not only the size is not bad, but the surface finish is also very critical. If you find a factory that is skilled in multi-axis CNC machining and high-precision machining, you can meet these requirements and produce high-quality parts.

Conclusion

Figuring out the difference between resins and plastics can go a long way in choosing the right material. The performance of resin is superior and stable, such as in the aerospace field, many key components will use resin materials. Plastics have diverse functions and relatively low costs, and are widely used in daily necessities, such as plastic cups and plastic bags.
When choosing materials, we have to take into account the actual needs and also consider the impact on the environment. If it is the production of single-use packaging products, plastic may be more suitable; If you want to make products that require the highest levels of performance, resins are a better choice.
In short, in order to achieve the best results in the machined product, it is important to cooperate with a professional multi-axis CNC machining and high-precision CNC machining factory. With their professional technology and rich experience, they can help us solve various processing problems and ensure product quality.

Contact us now to get exclusive CNC machining solutions!
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Disclaimer

The content appearing on this webpage is for informational purposes only. LongSheng makes no representation or warranty of any kind, be it expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness, or validity of the information. Any performance parameters, geometric tolerances, specific design features, quality and types of materials, or processes should not be inferred to represent what will be delivered by third-party suppliers or manufacturers through LongSheng’s network. Buyers seeking quotes for parts are responsible for defining the specific requirements for those parts. Please contact to our for more information.

Team LongSheng

This article was written by various LongSheng contributors. LongSheng is a leading resource on manufacturing with CNC machining, sheet metal fabrication, 3D printing, injection molding,metal stamping and more.

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